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Glucose Tolerance Test In Kolkata
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In the glucose tolerance test, a person receives glucose and afterwards gives his blood sample to measure the pace at which the glucose is removed from the blood. It is also known as an oral glucose tolerance test.
Read further to know more about the glucose tolerance test in Kolkata, including its price and cost, procedure, side effects, understanding test results, etc.
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AN OVERVIEW
About Glucose Tolerance Test
Why is the glucose tolerance test done?
A glucose tolerance test is used for examining someone’s capacity to handle a glucose load. Thus, the test checks whether a person can absorb normal levels of glucose or not. It also helps in diagnosing type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes mellitus. It is a blood test and involves the repeated withdrawal of blood samples over a period of time (usually two hours).
- Type 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes, is characterized by an auto-immune response, in which antibodies that kill the beta cells in the pancreas are produced due to which the pancreas is unable to make enough insulin, which raises the blood sugar levels.
- Type 2 diabetes, also known as adult onset diabetes, is characterized by the liver cells becoming resistant to insulin, leading to a decreased glucose absorption in the bloodstream. The pancreas, thus, produces insulin in excessive levels, as a result of increasing blood glucose levels.
- Gestational diabetes mellitus, also known as diabetes during pregnancy, is a type of insulin resistance disease. The symptoms of the same appear during the second trimester of pregnancy. Though it simultaneously gets over with pregnancy, some may develop a risk for type 2 diabetes later in life.
What does the glucose tolerance test measure?
The glucose tolerance test measures the amount or levels of glucose that remain in your blood after observing a fast and then consuming glucose at frequent intervals. Glucose levels in the blood are commonly measured in milligrams per deciliter, or mg/dl.
Risks/side effects of the glucose tolerance test
No severe or harmful side effects are associated with the glucose tolerance test. However, after the intake of glucose, one might feel nauseous, sweaty, lightheaded, or even experience shortness of breath and fainting.
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
FAQs
When is the glucose tolerance test performed?
A glucose tolerance test can be performed if you have a dry mouth or are experiencing symptoms such as dizziness, an increased thirst, frequent urination, etc. You can also go for the glucose tolerance test if you are diabetic or obese. This test is usually performed in conjunction with other diagnostic procedures to confirm the diagnosis.
Frequency:
The frequency of the glucose tolerance test depends on several factors, such as body weight, heart disease history, high blood pressure, gestational diabetes, female sex hormone imbalances, genetic diabetes problems, inactivity, polycystic ovary disease, etc. If you are above the age of 45, you may be advised to go for the glucose tolerance test after every three years. Asymptomatic children who are above the age of 10 and experience any of the two risk factors listed above should also go for the same at least once every three years.
How to prepare for the glucose tolerance test?
You should not consume anything 8 to 14 hours before your glucose tolerance test. However, you can stay a bit hydrated. Do inform your doctor about any drugs you are intaking, history of previous ailments, etc, before your glucose tolerance test.
How is the glucose tolerance test performed?
Keep in mind that you cannot eat while the test is being performed. During the test, you will be required to intake a liquid containing 75 grams (g) of glucose. Before you consume the drink, your blood sample will be taken. Another blood sample will be taken once an hour has passed after the intake of the glucose.
You must remain in the clinic until the test has been completed and not go home, otherwise the test would be considered as invalid.
THINGS TO KNOW AFTER GETTING TESTED
Interpreting the glucose tolerance test results
- Normal: The glucose tolerance test results are said to be normal if the two-hour glucose level is less than 140 mg/dl.
- Impaired glucose tolerance/prediabetes: A person is said to have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)/prediabetes when the fasting plasma glucose level is less than 126 mg/dl and the two-hour glucose level is between 140 and 199 mg/dl.
- Diabetes: A person is diabetic if his two diagnostic tests that are taken on different days show a high blood glucose level, signifying that the fasting glucose is higher than 126 mg/dl or the two-hour readings are higher than 200 mg/dl. A glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) result of 6.5 percent or higher also helps in diagnosing diabetes.
- Diabetes in pregnancy is diagnosed when a pregnant woman’s fasting plasma glucose level exceeds 92 mg/dl or her two-hour glucose level exceeds 153 mg/dl.
- Reference range:
| GENDER | VALUE |
| MALE | 60 – 100 mg/dl (Fasting glucose), < 200 mg/dl (after one hour) and < 140 mg/dl (after two hours) |
| FEMALE | 60 – 100 mg/dl (Fasting glucose), < 200 mg/dl (after one hour) and < 140 mg/dl (after two hours) |
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